There are many misunderstandings regarding how the type of manufacturing technology used in the assembly of printed circuit boards (PCBs) relates to automated test. To dispel some of the confusion, it ...

Your plant has several custom-built production machines that use various plug-in circuit boards. The standard practice has been to troubleshoot to the board level and then replace the entire board.

As electronic products become more complex, engineers increasingly need to build in testability at all levels—chip, board, and system—and the testability they provide should address complete product ...