Business enterprises are complex adaptive systems (CAS) subject to fragility caused by the non-linear effects of uncertain risk events. The regional bank collapses in the United States are a case in ...

Viewing protein evolution through the lens of complex systems theory may offer new insights into the principles driving biological adaptation. In this Comment we explore how characteristics such as ...

In fields ranging from immunology and ecology to economics and thermodynamics, multi-scale complex systems are ubiquitous. They are also notoriously difficult to model. Conventional approaches take ...