Materials having structures and sizes that fall within the range of 1 to 100 nm are referred to as nanostructured materials. Nanostructured materials are associated with a diversity of uses within the ...

Sol-gel manufacturing can be used to create various high-performance solids including glasses and ceramics. In the field of glass production, sol-gel techniques are a reliable low-temperature ...

There are two general ways available to produce nanomaterials, as shown in the following figure. The first way is to start with a bulk material and then break it into smaller pieces using mechanical, ...

Generally, to make the surface hydrophobic, silica-based coatings are preferred in various fields. When the coatings on glass or metal are exposed to alkaline surrounding, the silica network starts to ...