Trump announced a framework deal with Japan on July 22, including a 15 percent tariff on Japanese goods, down from a threatened rate of 25 percent. The president also said Japan would invest $550 billion into the U.S. and "open" its economy to American autos and rice.

Tariff orders released by the White House call for increases in the tariff rate on Canada from 25 percent to 35 percent, although they exempt all goods trading under the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement, which economists say includes most Canadian exports to the United States these days.

The announcement came in the wake of Trump unexpectedly landing a trade agreement with the European Union to leave in place 15% tariffs on imports from the continent and to secure additional trade concessions from the bloc.